نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 151، خرداد و تیر 1401)

Managing pain and mental distress in cancer patients is one of the main priorities of care. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the effect of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing on pain intensity in cancer patients with 24-month follow-up.

The present clinical trial study was conducted on cancer patients suffering from pain at Shahid Jalil Hospital, Yasuj, in 2019. A total of 60 patients were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control based on the allocation of random blocks and in parallel. In the intervention group, the technique of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing in 7 one-hour sessions daily (one session per day) was held individually in the counseling room. In the control group, no intervention was performed by the researcher and they received only routine hospital treatment and care. The severity of pain and mental distress of patients before the intervention, after the intervention and at 24-month follow-up in both groups was measured by the pain rating scale and the mental distress scale. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, independent t-test and analysis of variance using SPSS 24 software.

Analysis of variance with repeated measures disclosed that the mean pain intensity in the intervention group, before, after the intervention and at 24-month follow-up were 0.73±9.46, 1.51±3/03 and 1.23±5.66 respectively which had a statistically significant decrease (p<0.0001). Moreover, mental distress in patients in the intervention group before and after the intervention, and at 24-month follow-up, respectively; 0.56±9.76, 1.52±3.26 and 1.62±6.61 which had a statistically significant decrease(p<0.0001). In the control group, using repeated measures analysis of variance, the mean pain intensity and mental distress before, after, and 24-month follow-up were not statistically significant(p> 0.05).

The results indicated that the method of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing was effective in reducing pain in cancer patients and its effect was still lasting after 24 months of follow-up. Therefore, it is recommended to use this new and effective method in reducing pain in cancer patients.

Postmenopausal is associated with heart and metabolic disorders. Although the beneficial role of physical activity and antioxidants in human health has been reported; However, the interactive effects of Aerobic training (AT) and Propolis (Pr) on mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac tissue is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of AT with Pr on AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPK) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) in the heart of ovariectomized diabetic rats.

30 ovariectomized diabetic (40 mg/kg .ip, Stroptozotocin) rats, aged 16-12 weeks and weight 250-220 g were divided in 5 groups; (1) Control ovariectomized diabetic (COD), (2) Sham (Sh), (3) Pr, (4) AT and (5) AT + Pr. Also, 6 healthy rats were divided in Healthy Control (HC) group. Groups 4 and 5 trained for eight weeks, five sessions per week with 55-75% VO2max; Groups 3 and 5 received 100 mg/kg/day of Pr. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test in GraphPad Prism 8.3.3 software were used to analyze the data (P≥0.05).

AMPK and PGC1α in AT group were significantly higher than COD and Sh groups (P≥0.05); PGC1α gene expression in Pr group was significantly higher than Sh group (P≥0.05). Also, AMPK and PGC1α gene expression in AT + Pr group were significantly higher than COD and Sh groups (P≥0.05).

It seems that the AT and Pr have beneficial effect on mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac tissue following estrogen deficiency and diabetes. Therefore, the Pr and AT is recommended in ovariectomized and diabetic models.

Parasitological methods for diagnosing fascioliasis have limitations such as; Intermittent excretion of parasite eggs is the long stage of presence of parasite eggs in the feces. Also, serological methods based on the detection of antiparasitic antibodies are not able to distinguish past infections from new infections, so the detection of parasitic co-antigens is more reliable than other diagnostic methods. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and detect Fasciola coproantigens using polyclonal antibodies produced against Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica secretory excretory antigens.

In the present experimental study conducted in 2016-2017, adult Fasciola worms were collected from the livers of infected animals and species were determined by molecular method of enzymatic digestion. Excretory-secretory antigen was prepared from both Fasciola species. In order to produce polyclonal antibodies, 2 rabbits were immunized for each antigen. IgG antibodies produced were purified by affinity chromatography and conjugated with peroxidase enzyme. Coproantigens from 99 animal fecal samples included; 30 samples infected with Fasciola, 39 samples with other parasitic diseases and 30 healthy samples were prepared. In the present study, two ELISA sandwich systems were designed and evaluated using polyclonal antibodies produced to identify Fasciola co-antigen. Statistical characteristics of the tests were calculated using Medical Collector 16.4.3 software. Kappa coefficient and consistency check between ELISA sandwich tests were calculated using SPSS software version 20.

Sandwich ELISA test using polyclonal antibodies produced against Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica secretory antigens showed 96.67%, 89.86% and 96.67% and 91.3%, respectively. Moreover, a high agreement (kappa coefficient <0.9) was observed between polyclonal antibodies produced against both Fasciola species for the diagnosis of fascioliasis.

Overall, the findings indicated that polyclonal antibodies produced against excretory-secretory antigens of both Fasciola species have good efficacy for detection of Fasciola co-antigens and diagnosis of fascioliasis.

Lead is a heavy metal that enters the body as an environmental contaminant through the gastrointestinal tract or respiratory tract. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aqueous alcoholic extract of Parsley leaf (Petroselinum crispum) on pituitary-thyroid hormones in adult male rats following lead acetate poisoning.

The present experimental study was conducted in 2020 at the Islamic Azad University, Kazeron Branch. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were included in the study, which were divided into 6 groups of 8, including control and control groups (solvent treatment). Four experimental groups were treated with 200 mg / kg lead acetate, 200 mg / kg parsley leaf extract and simultaneously treated with lead acetate and 100 and 200 mg / kg parsley leaves. All prescriptions were performed by gavage for 21 days. Finally, after anesthesia of mice and blood sampling from animal hearts, serum levels of T4, T3 and TSH hormones were measured by ELISA method. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey test.

The results indicated that serum levels of lead acetate T4 and T3 increased in animals receiving lead acetate and TSH showed a significant decrease at the level of p <0.05, while in animals treated with lead acetate and parsley leaf extract decreased T4 and T3 hormones. T3 and TSH increase are significant.

The data of the present study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract of parsley leaves was able to moderate the increase in thyroid hormones caused by lead poisoning.

About 40% of women and 12% of men experience a urinary tract infection at least once in their lifetime. Aminoglycosides are very effective antimicrobial agents. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) is becoming a global public health concern. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of ant(2'')-Ia and ant(4')-IIa genes in E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 187 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimens of patients referred to Amir Al-Momenin Ali Hospital in Gerash city (Fars province) from June 2020 to June 2021. The pattern of antibiotic resistance to tobramycin, gentamicin, kanamycin and amikacin by disk diffusion method was investigated. PCR method was used to evaluate the presence of ant(2'')-Ia and ant(4')-IIa genes. Chi-square test was used for data analysis.

Out of 187 strains studied, 62 strains (33.15%) were resistant to aminoglycosides. The highest and lowest aminoglycoside resistance was observed against tobramycin (79.03%) and amikacin (11.29%), respectively. Two strains (3.22%) were resistant to all aminoglycosides. ant(2'')-Ia and ant(4')-IIa genes were identified in 17 strains (27.41%) and 11 strains (17.74%), respectively.

The results of the present study show that Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections have relatively low resistance to common aminoglycosides. For the initial treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli in Gerash city, the use of amikacin and kanamycin antibiotics is recommended.

Population has always been considered as one of the most fundamental issues in policy-making and futuristic planning. Population futures research is also a process for making better decisions and planning by looking at distant horizons, futures that are broadly related to values, beliefs, and patterns of behavior. One of the major demographic issues, mainly in the world, is the issue of population aging and its consequences. As a result, the purpose of the present study was to determine and study the future study of the elderly population of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province up to 2050 and their health costs.

In the present descriptive study conducted in 2019, a documentary study of the general census data of Iran Statistics Center in 2016 based on possible scenarios of fertility, migration and death of Mir using a combined method of forecasting was used. Population was analyzed in Spectrum and Mortpak demographic software and the aging status of the province's population up to 2050 horizon was analyzed.

Based on the probabilistic scenario calculations (total fertility 1/2), important population indicators such as number of elderly, aging index and dependence ratio of elderly population in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province for 2050 were estimated at 259017 people, 81.92 and 25.8, respectively. Another finding of the research indicated that from 2016 to 2050, the index of dependency ratio of the elderly will increase relatively much. Accordingly, from 6.8% in 2016 to 26.6% (low growth), 25.8% (medium growth), 25.5% (high growth). The sex ratio of the elderly in the province will reach 95 in 2050, which indicated that the elderly population of the province is moving towards femininity. Life expectancy for the elderly at the age of 60 is also projected at 2330, equal to 23 years. This index has increased significantly compared to 2016. Another finding of the present study revealed that the average direct cost of health is higher for men until about 2025, and after that, due to the increase in older women, the cost of women's health is higher.

Considering the rapid pace of declining fertility in Iran over the last two decades, it is predicted that the movement towards population aging will accelerate and based on the observed trends in fertility and mortality and a look at the most likely ways to change them in the future, the age structure was estimated. The population of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad is getting older, in other words, the share of the population in the age group under 30 decreases and the share of the population over 30 increases, considering the age structure of the population It is necessary.

Panic disorder is one of the most common anxiety disorders that despite the high range of medical and psychotherapeutic treatments, we see ineffective treatment and high recurrence of the disease, as well as high social and economic costs. Emotional dysfunction and the use of inappropriate emotion regulation strategies have an effective role in the pathology and recurrence of this disease. McCullough et.al. Have identified fear of affect as the cause of anxiety patients' conflicts, and have proposed an integrated and experimental psychodaynamic approach to reduce conflicts and regulate their anxiety and emotions.

Due to the importance of individual therapy in the psychodaynamic approach, in this study, the experimental design of a single subject of multiple baseline was used and the subjects were purposefully selected from the statistical population of patients in Marvdasht in 2019-2020, which included 7 patients. Treatment consisted of 20 one-hour individual sessions and three follow-up sessions over six months.

Data were collected by lipotise and affect phobia questionnaires. Based on standard visual imaging methods, stable change index and recovery percentage, the results showed a stable change index of more than 1.96 and a recovery percentage score higher than 50 for most subjects, which indicates the effectiveness of treatment and its stability during the next six months. At the end of the treatment, it is in the field of improving the symptoms of the disease. Also, in the evaluation of the affect phobia questionnaire, the recovery percentage of six patients was more than 50 and the overall recovery percentage was 62, which explains the regulation of emotions.

By explaining affect phobia as one of the main causes of conflict in patients with anxiety and panic and with an active and supportive relationship with effective techniques of this treatment by neutralizing defense, access to underlying emotions, creating insight and emotion regulation, finally Growth and develop of the ego in relation to self and others lead to symptom improvement of the disease.

Today, the production of effluents containing medicinal compounds, including tetracyclines, is one of the major threats to the environment and endanger human health. Accordingly, the need for an efficient system to remove these compounds from aquatic environments is felt. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize and model the removal of tetracycline antibiotics using TiO2 / N / S nanocatalyst in the presence of visible light in aqueous solutions.

In this experimental study conducted in 2019, nanocatalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method and then its characteristics were analyzed using SEM, XRD, EDS and BET analyzes. Secondly, by changing the reaction conditions such as changing the synthesized photocatalyst dose (0.1-2) g/l, antibiotic concentration (1-50) mg/l, reaction time (2-90) minutes and solution pH (2-10) and by visible light irradiation to remove tetracycline from synthetic effluent and the effect of these variables on process performance by response surface method and CCD method and determination of optimal conditions, investigation of reaction kinetics, tetracycline mineralization and photocatalyst performance in real wastewater treatment Was evaluated. Tetracycline was determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance.

The software has proposed a complete quadratic model as the best model, based on ANOVA analysis of variance. The maximum removal efficiency of tetracycline with this process in optimal conditions with a pH of 6 and a time of 56 minutes and a concentration of tetracycline of 13 mg/l was the catalyst value of 1.2 g/l was 77%. The mineralization efficiency of tetracycline antibiotics under optimal conditions was 47% and the kinetic study presented that the data followed the quasi-first-order model well and eliminate the tetracycline process in the wastewater of Imam Sajjad Hospital of Yasuj by 72%.

The results indicated that the efficiency of TiO2/N/S photocatalytic process exposed to visible light radiation in the removal of tetracycline due to lack of by-products as well as mineral end products (carbon dioxide and water) as a desirable process.

Induction of labor is a common procedure that is performed due to medical indications of mother or infant or social and elective causes. There are several methods for induction of labor, including misoprostol and oxytocin. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and compare the effect of oxytocin and oral misoprostol on induction of pregnancy in term and post-term pregnancies.

This is a descriptive study that was conducted in 2019-2021. The statistical population consisted of 160 patients who were candidates for termination of pregnancy and were divided into two groups of 80 people, one group with misoprostol 50 micrograms which was administered as an oral solution up to a maximum dose of 200 micrograms and the other group with oxytocin ampoules with Initial doses of 10 units were induced. The success rate in each group was considered to achieve appropriate contractions (three contractions in ten minutes, each lasting 40 seconds) and finally the rate of successful normal delivery. The collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and t-test.

According to the statistical test, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in the variables of type of delivery and lack of progress of delivery. The percentage of normal delivery in the misoprostol group was higher than the oxytocin group, which was statistically significant (p = 0.005). The mean age of patients in the misoprostol group compared to the oxytocin group was 28.21 7 7.64 and 25.84 99 5.99, respectively, which was not statistically significant (p = 0.005). Also, the lack of progression of labor was higher in the oxytocin group compared to the other group, which was statistically significant (p <0.001).

According to these cases, the present study displayed a better effect on induction of labor by misoprostol and considering that the two drugs were not different in side effects, it could indicate a better and more appropriate efficacy of misoprostol in induction of labor.

Considering that pregnant women are one of the health sensitive groups and their mental health and mental well-being is effective on their health, family and society and on the other hand due to the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on psychological dimensions of this study; therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the state of mental health and well-being and its relationship with the weight gain of pregnant mothers during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease.

The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2021. The statistical population included 245 pregnant women referring to health centers in Yasuj during the pandemic of COVID-19. Evaluation of mental health status and mental well-being and their related factors during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic were obtained according to the required information through two questionnaires of general health and psychological well-being (Reef) and demographic characteristics including: (age, education level of pregnant mother and spouse) Employment status of pregnant mother and spouse, frequency of pregnancy, gestational age and body mass index) were asked in an interview. The collected data were analyzed using Kolmogorfe-Smirno, Kruskal-Wallis, Human Whitney, Spearman and Pearson statistical tests.

The present study was conducted on 245 pregnant women with a mean and standard deviation of 29.72. 6.61. The mean and standard deviation of the total mental health score in the studied pregnant women was 24.50 11 11.32, which according to the cut-off point 23 for the mental health of Iranians, the results of this study showed that 62.9% of pregnant mothers were suspected of having the disorder. The study of psychological well-being of pregnant women indicated that the mean total score and standard deviation of psychological well-being was 11.58 74 74.19. The results of the study showed that pre-pregnancy weight and current weight of the pregnant mother with mean mental health scores (p = 0.05 and r = -0.125) and (p = 0.024 and r = -0.144, respectively)) There is a significant inverse relationship with the mean score of psychological well-being (directly (p = 0.020 and r = 0.148, respectively) and (p = 0.043 and r = 0.129, respectively).

The present study revealed that the prevalence of mental disorders in pregnant women in Yasuj during the COVID-19 pandemic was high; therefore, the issue can play a major role in the health of mother, fetus and infant after birth. Among the related factors studied, the level of literacy of the pregnant mother, pre-pregnancy weight and current weight of the mother had a significant correlation with the mean score of mental health and psychological well-being.

Hospital medical staff were less sexually active during the COVID-19 pandemic due to networking, distance from family, and COVID-19 anxiety. Given that nearly two years have passed since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the world and we are still witnessing the mutation of this deadly virus, first of all, it is necessary to evaluate the sexual satisfaction of hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since sexual satisfaction is directly related to a person's mental health, more research is needed on the factors that can play a role in a couple's arousal and sexual desire during the coronation. The use of Tele-medical and psychiatric care is one of the good solutions that can solve the problems and sexual disorders of individuals and, consequently, improve the physical and mental health of families. To this end, we need to raise awareness of people, especially couples who are not satisfied with their sexual function, about the significant role of sexual activity in boosting the immune system and counteracting COVID-19 to see the least harm among families.